Korelasi Profil Kepribadian Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) dengan Indeks Prestasi Semester Pertama Mahasiswa Baru Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Pattimura Tahun Akademik 2025/2026
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.57214/jka.v10i2.1238Keywords:
Academic Performance, First-Year Medical Students, Grade Point Average, MMPI-2, Psychological AssessmentAbstract
First-year medical students are particularly vulnerable to psychological problems due to the challenges of adapting to a new academic environment and increased academic demands, which may adversely affect their academic performance. The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) is a widely used instrument for assessing psychological functioning and personality characteristics. This study aimed to examine the correlation between MMPI-2 results and first-semester Grade Point Average (GPA) among first-year medical students enrolled in the 2025/2026 academic year at the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pattimura. This analytical observational study employed a cross-sectional design with a total sampling technique. Secondary data, including MMPI-2 results and first-semester GPA, were obtained from 146 eligible students. Spearman's rank correlation test was used to analyze the association between MMPI-2 scales and academic performance. Most students demonstrated MMPI-2 profiles within the normal range across both clinical and supplementary scales. However, the highest proportions of clinically elevated scores were observed on the Schizophrenia (Sc), Psychasthenia (Pt), and Depression (D) clinical scales, while the supplementary scales with the highest elevated scores were Addiction Admission (AAS), Hostility (Ho), and Anxiety (A). Correlation analysis showed that only Hypochondriasis (Hs) and Depression (D) were significantly and negatively associated with first-semester GPA among the clinical scales. Among the supplementary scales, Anxiety (A) and College Maladjustment (Mt) showed significant negative correlations with GPA, whereas Ego Strength (Es), Dominance (Do), and Addiction Potential (APS) showed significant positive correlations.
References
Abdullah, S. N. U. (2023). Perbandingan gejala depresi antara mahasiswa perantau dan bukan perantau pada mahasiswa baru Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Pattimura angkatan 2023 [Skripsi, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Pattimura].
Agustin, F. N., Rahayu, P. P., & Riyanto, S. (2025). Kecemasan, stres dan depresi: Dampaknya terhadap prestasi akademik mahasiswa di Universitas ‘Aisyiyah Yogyakarta. Jurnal Penelitian Medis Berkelanjutan, 9(7).
Ajilchi, B., & Nejati, V. (2017). Executive functions in students with depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, 8(3), 223. https://doi.org/10.18869/nirp.bcn.8.3.223
Anjani, L. G. D., Sastri, N. L. P. P., & Permatahati, N. I. (2025). Analisis hubungan tingkat stres dan derajat gejala somatisasi pada mahasiswa kedokteran. Jurnal Kesehatan Tambusai, 6(4). https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v6i4.51545
Augesti, G., Lisiswanti, R., Saputra, O., & Nisa, K. (2015). Differences in stress level between first year and last year medical students in medical faculty of Lampung University. Jurnal Majority, 4(4), 50–56.
Barthlow, D. L., Graham, J. R., Ben-Porath, Y. S., & McNulty, J. L. (2004). Construct validity of the MMPI-2 College Maladjustment (Mt) Scale. Assessment, 11(3), 251–262. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191104268317
Duffy, A., Keown-Stoneman, C., Goodday, S., Horrocks, J., Lowe, M., King, N., Saunders, K. E., et al. (2020). Predictors of mental health and academic outcomes in first-year university students: Identifying prevention and early-intervention targets. BJPsych Open, 6(3), e46. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2020.24
Eisenberg, D., Golberstein, E., & Hunt, J. B. (2009). Mental health and academic success in college. The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.2202/1935-1682.2191
Fairus, F. N., Titaley, C. R., Manuputty, A. G., Malakauseya, M. L. V., Taihuttu, Y. M., & Bension, J. B. (2023). Academic and adaptation difficulties of medical students with low academic achievement in the first two years. Jurnal Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia, 12(2), 175. https://doi.org/10.22146/jpki.80162
Haan, N. (2013). Coping and defending: Processes of self-environment organization. Elsevier.
Hurespuny, A. (2018). Perbedaan tingkat kecemasan antara mahasiswa jenjang preklinik dan klinik Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Pattimura 2018 [Skripsi, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Pattimura].
Hysenbegasi, A., Hass, S. L., & Rowland, C. R. (2005). The impact of depression on the academic productivity of university students. Journal of Mental Health Policy and Economics, 8(3), 145.
Iflah, I., & Listyasari, W. D. (2013). Gambaran penyesuaian diri mahasiswa baru. Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengukuran Psikologi: JPPP, 2(1), 33–36. https://doi.org/10.21009/JPPP.021.05
Jaiswal, R., Sathe, S., Gajbhiye, V., & Sathe, R. (2015). Students perception on methods of anatomy teaching and assessment.
Jamaluddin, M. (2020). Model penyesuaian diri mahasiswa baru. Indonesian Psychological Research, 2(2), 109–118. https://doi.org/10.29080/ipr.v2i2.361
Kaplan, H. I., Sadock, B. J., & Grebb, J. A. (1997). Kaplan dan Sadock sinopsis psikiatri: Ilmu pengetahuan perilaku psikiatri klinis jilid 2.
Kasan, H. (2008). Buku panduan workshop MMPI-2 (Advanced). Professional Training Center “WNL”.
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2014). Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 25 Tahun 2014 tentang Upaya Kesehatan Anak. Kemenkes RI.
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2018). Hasil utama Riskesdas 2018. Kemenkes RI.
Knehr, C. A., & Kohl, R. N. (1959). MMPI screening of entering medical students. The Journal of Psychology, 47(2), 297–304. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.1959.9916331
Liu, L., Su, T., Chen, J., Chen, Y., & Liu, G. (2025). Relationships between depression and difficulties in emotion regulation among first-year college students: A network analysis approach. BMC Psychology, 13(1), 834. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-025-03198-7
Loilatu, M. F., Manery, D. E., & Ukratalo, A. M. (2024). Hubungan durasi penggunaan laptop dengan keluhan computer vision syndrome pada mahasiswa Fakultas MIPA Universitas Pattimura. Innovative: Journal of Social Science Research, 4(3), 2954–2964.
March-Amengual, J. M., Cambra Badii, I., Casas-Baroy, J. C., Altarriba, C., Comella Company, A., Pujol-Farriols, R., et al. (2022). Psychological distress, burnout, and academic performance in first year college students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(6), 3356. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063356
Margarini, N. A. Y. B., & Prihanti, G. S. (2016). Hubungan skala kepribadian Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory Test-2 (MMPI-2) dengan IPK mahasiswa kedokteran di Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang. Saintika Medika, 12(1), 56–65. https://doi.org/10.22219/sm.v12i1.5264
Merker, B. M., & Smith, J. V. (2001). Validity of the MMPI-2 College Maladjustment Scale. Journal of College Counseling, 4(1), 3–9. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-1882.2001.tb00178.x
Pangemanan, V. O., Manery, D. E., Ukratalo, A. M., Nanere, B. E., Embisa, Y. A., & Assagaf, A. R. (2024). Hubungan self-efficacy dengan stres akademik pada mahasiswa S1 Biologi FMIPA Universitas Pattimura dalam proses penyusunan skripsi. Jurnal Anestesi, 2(3), 31–38. https://doi.org/10.59680/anestesi.v2i3.1103
Picton, A., Greenfield, S., & Parry, J. (2022). Why do students struggle in their first year of medical school? A qualitative study of student voices. BMC Medical Education, 22(1), 100. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-022-03158-4
Poh Keong, P., Chee Sern, L., Ming, F., & Che, I. (2015). The relationship between mental health and academic achievement among university students: A literature review. Second International Conference on Global Trends in Academic Research. Global Illuminators.
Putri, P. P. (2018). Hubungan hasil tes Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory 2 (MMPI-2) dengan indeks prestasi kumulatif mahasiswa angkatan 2016 Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lampung.
Rahayu, M. N. M., & Arianti, R. (2020). Penyesuaian mahasiswa tahun pertama di perguruan tinggi: Studi pada mahasiswa Fakultas Psikologi UKSW. Journal of Psychological Science and Profession, 4(2), 73–84. https://doi.org/10.24198/jpsp.v4i2.26681
Robinson, O. J., Vytal, K., Cornwell, B. R., & Grillon, C. (2013). The impact of anxiety upon cognition: Perspectives from human threat of shock studies. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 7, 203. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2013.00203
Setiawati, L., Putra, D. P., Rahmi, A., & Syam, H. (2023). Pengaruh kesehatan mental terhadap hasil belajar mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam di SMK Negeri 1 Bukittinggi. Tabsyir: Jurnal Dakwah dan Sosial Humaniora, 4(4), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.59059/tabsyir.v4i4.320
Simatupang, J. E. (2019). Kemandirian belajar ditinjau dari kepercayaan diri. Persona: Jurnal Psikologi Indonesia, 8(2), 208–223. https://doi.org/10.30996/persona.v8i2.2275
Tarangi, M. F., Ramadhany, M. R., Kaliky, A. R. S., Embisa, Y. A., & Ukratalo, A. M. (2025). An overview of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) complaints among first-semester students of the Biology Department FST Pattimura University, 2024. Futur Medicine, 4(2), 4–15. https://doi.org/10.57125/FEM.2025.06.30.01
Tolompu, M. A. (2024). Analisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan tingkat gejala depresi pada mahasiswa Universitas Pattimura [Skripsi, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Pattimura].
World Health Organization. (2001). The World Health Report 2001: Mental health: New understanding, new hope.
World Health Organization. (2025). Report of the tenth meeting of the WHO Strategic and Technical Advisory Group of Experts for Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health and Nutrition, 12–14 November 2024. World Health Organization.
Ziadni, M. S., Jasinski, M. J., Labouvie-Vief, G., & Lumley, M. A. (2017). Alexithymia, defenses, and ego strength: Cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships with psychological well-being and depression. Journal of Happiness Studies, 18(6), 1799–1813. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-016-9800-7
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Jurnal Kesehatan Amanah
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
