Psikologis Pegawai Kantor
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.57214/jusika.v6i2.630Keywords:
employees, job, psychologicalAbstract
Democratic country has an obligation to ensure the fulfillment of its citizens’ rights, including access to quality public services. However, in Indonesia, the quality and effectiveness of public services currently face significant challenges, as evidenced by the decline in service standards. This study highlights the importance of psychological capital in improving job performance among public service employees, with job engagement as a mediating factor. Utilizing quantitative methods and convenient sampling, this study involved 317 participants. The variables were measured using the Individual Job Performance Questionnaire, Psychological Capital Questionnaire, and Utrecht Job Engagement Scale. The results showed that psychological capital predicts job performance, psychological capital predicts job engagement, and job engagement predicts job performance. In addition, this study showed that job engagement mediates the relationship between psychological capital and job performance. Therefore, increasing psychological capital and job engagement can improve the quality of public services, which has a positive impact on public trust and welfare.
References
Abukhalifa, A. M. S., Mohd Kamil, N. L., & Yong, C. C. (2022). How psychological capital shapes social workers’ job performance: The mediating role of work engagement?. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 34(1), 16–37. doi: 10.1080/10911359.2022.2144581
Alessandri, G., Consiglio, C., Luthans, F., & Borgogni, L. (2018). Testing a dynamic model of the impact of psychological capital on work engagement and job performance. Career Development International, 23(1), 33–47. doi: 10.1108/CDI-11-2016-0210
Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2007). The Job Demands-Resources model: State of the art. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 22(3), 309–328. doi: 10.1108/02683940710733115
Biricik, Y.S. (2020). The relationship between psychological capital, job performance and job satisfaction in higher education institution offering sports and education. World Journal of Education, 10(3). doi: 10.5430/wje.v10n3p57
Castro, C., & Lopes, C. (2022). Digital government and sustainable development. Journal of the knowledge economy, 13, 880–903. doi: 10.1007/s13132-021-00749-2
Chang, P-C., Geng, X., & Cai,Q. (2023). The impact of career pleatus on job performance: The roles of organizational justice and positive psychological capital. Behavioral Science, 14 (2). doi: 10.3390/bs14020144
Daswati, D., Wirawan, H., Hattab, S., Salam, R., & Iskandar, A. S. (2021). The effect of psychological capital on performance through the role of career engagement: Evidence from Indonesian public organizations. Cogent Social Sciences, 8(1). doi: 10.1080/23311886.2021.2012971
DP3AKB. (2023). Persiapan penilaian kepatuhan terhadap standar pelayanan publik. Pemerintah Kabupaten Ngawi Dinas Pemberdayaan Perempuan, Perlindungan Anak dan Keluarga Berencana. https://dp3akb.ngawikab.go.id/peningkatan-kualitas-pelayanan-publik-dan- persiapan-penilaian-kepatuhan-terhadap-standar-pelayanan-publik/
Fitriyah, & Febriana, A.T. (2022). Dampak stress kerja tenaga pelayanan sosisal terhadap pelayanan bagi warna binaan sosial (Studi kasus pada PSAA Putra Utama 3 Tebet Jakarta). Jurnal Pembangunan Manusia, 3(2). doi: 10.7454/jpm.v3i2.1033
Fredrickson, B. L. (2001). The role of positive emotions in positive psychology. The broaden-and build theory of positive emotions. The American Psychologist, 56(3), 218–226. doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.56.3.218
Gregorio, G. P., Petrella, S., & Manzoni, C. (2023). Work engagement as a predictor of job performance: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 108(4), 703-720.
Gregorio, K., Beng, J.T., & Tiatri, S. (2023). Apakah psychological capital dan work engagement membentuk job performance karyawan di era society 5.0?. Jurnal Muara Ilmu Sosial. Humaniora, dan Seni, 7(3),540-549. doi: 10.24912/jmishumsen.v7i3.26770.2023
Guarini, E., Mori, E. and Zuffada, E. (2022). Localizing the sustainable development goals: a managerial perspective. Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting & Financial Management, Vol. 34, 5:583-601. doi: 10.1108/JPBAFM-02-2021-0031
Hobfoll, S. E. (1989). Conservation of resources: A new attempt at conceptualizing stress. American Psychologist, 44, 513–524. doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.44.3.513
Holmgreen, L., Tirone, V., Gerhart, J., & Hobfoll, S.E. (2016). Conservation of resources theory. The handbook of stress and health, 443-457. doi: 10.1002/9781118993811.ch27
Kemenko PMK. (2022). Indonesia emas 2045 diwujudkan oleh generasi muda. Kementrian Koordinator Bidang Pembangunan Manusia dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia. https://www.kemenkopmk.go.id/indonesia-emas-2045-diwujudkan-oleh-generasi-muda
Koopmans, L., Bernaards, C. M., Hildebrandt, V. H., Lerner, D., de Vet, H. C. W., & van der Beek, A. J. (2016). Cross-cultural adaptation of the Individual Work Performance Questionnaire. Work: Journal of Prevention, Assessment & Rehabilitation, 53(3), 609–619. doi: 10.3233/WOR-152237
Larasati, M., V., Kadiyono, A. L., & Nugraha, Y. (2023). Pengaruh psychological capital terhadap job performance tenaga medis pada salah satu rumah sakit swasta di Jawa Barat. Syntax Literate: Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia, 9(3). doi: 10.36418/syntax-literate.v9i3
Luthans, F., Avolio, B. J., Avey, J. B., & Norman, S. M. (2007). Positive psychological capital: Measurement and relationship with performance and satisfaction. Personnel Psychology, 60(3), 541–572. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-6570.2007.00083.x
Meynhardt, T., Strathoff, P., Bardeli, J. and Brieger, S. (2023). Public administration contributes to happiness: a study on the relationship between public value and happiness in Switzerland. International Journal of Public Sector Management, Vol. 37 No. 4,504-530. doi: 10.1108/IJPSM-09- 2023-0268
Ombudsman. (2023). Pelayanan publik kita masih buruk. Ombudsman Republik Indonesia. https://ombudsman.go.id/artikel/r/pwkinternal--pelayanan-publik-kita-masih-buruk
Paramadina public policy institute. (n.d.). Tantangan dalam pelayanan public kita kini. Universitas Paramadina. https://policy.paramadina.ac.id/tantangan-dalam-pelayanan-publik-kita-kini/
Park, J., & Kim, J. (2023). The relationship between perceived organizational support, work engagement, organizational citizenship behavior, and customer orientation in the public sports organizations context. Behavioral Science, 14, 153. doi: 10.3390/bs14030153
Putri, A.A., Suwarsi, S., & Frendika, R. (2020). Pengaruh employee engagement terhadap loyalitas dan kinerja karyawan CV Core Rubber. Prosiding Manajemen, 6(2). doi: 10.29313/.v6i2.22882
Rabbi, M. F., & Sabharwal, M. (2023). Understanding Accountability Overload: Concept and Consequences in Public Sector Organizations. International Journal of Public Administration, 1–19. doi: 10.1080/01900692.2024.2316137
Rohayatin, T., Warsito, T., Pribadi, U., Nurmandi, A., Kumorotmo, W., & Suranto. (2017). Faktor penyebab belum optimal kualitas penyelenggaraan pelayanan public dalam birokrasi pemerintah. Jurnal Caraka Prabu, 1(1). doi: 10.36859/jcp.v1i01.50
Rusega, E.N.D., & Atong, P. (2023). Kinerja pelayanan publik. Fokus, 21(1),20-27. doi: 10.51826/fokus.v21i1.716
Saithong-in, S., & Ussahawanitchakit, P. (2016). Psychological capital and job performance: an empirical research public accountants (CPAs) in Thailand. The Business and Management Review, 7(5).
Schaufeli, W.B., Bakker, A.B., & Salanova, M. (2006). The measurement of work engagement with short questionnaire a cross-national study, Educational and Psychological Measurement, 66(4),701-716. doi:10.1177/0013164405282471
Shukla, A., & Alam, J. (2022). Impact of psychological capital on job performance and satisfaction. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development, 6(4). https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/other/50316/impact-of-psychological-capital-on- job-performance-and-satisfaction/arpita-shukla
Sorongan, J., South, L. F., & Boky, H. (2018). Hubungan antara stres kerja dan upah dengan produktivitas kerja pada pegawai di dinas kesehatan kota Manado. Jurnal Kesmas, 7(5), 1–8. https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/index.php/kesmas/article/view/22023
Sudrajat, A.R. (2023). Analysis of Indonesian public service issue in the new era based on public administration perspective. International Journal of Social Service and Research, 3(1). doi: 10.46799/ijssr.v3i1.218
United Nation. (2016). The 17 goals. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs). https://sdgs.un.org/goals.
Xanthopoulou, D., Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2009). Reciprocal relationships between job resources, personal resources, and work engagement. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 74(3), 235–244. doi: 10.1016/j.jvb.2008.11.003
Zulhasmi, F. R., Zamralita, Z., & Saraswati, K. D. H. (2021). The influences of psychological capital and job resources towards work engagement. Atlantis Press, 570, 1154–1159. doi: 10.2991/assehr.k.210805.181