The Effect of the Mindfulness Method on the Sleep Quality of Pregnant Women in the Tosa Community Health Center Work Area
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.57214/jusika.v9i2.1089Keywords:
Antenatal Care, Mindfulness, Pregnant Women, PSQI, Sleep QualityAbstract
Sleep disturbances are a common problem during pregnancy, often resulting from physiological changes, hormonal fluctuations, and psychological stressors. Poor sleep quality in pregnant women can lead to fatigue, mood disorders, and adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Mindfulness-based interventions, which emphasize present-moment awareness and non-judgmental acceptance, have been suggested as an effective strategy to improve sleep quality and reduce stress. This study aimed to analyze the effect of mindfulness on sleep quality among pregnant women in the Puskesmas Tosa catchment area. A quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest control group was employed. A total of 30 pregnant women in their second and third trimesters participated and were divided equally into intervention and control groups. The intervention group received weekly mindfulness sessions for four weeks, including guided breathing, body scan, and focused attention meditation, while the control group received routine antenatal care. Sleep quality was assessed before and after the intervention using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and paired and independent t-tests, with a significance level set at p<0.05. Results indicated that the intervention group experienced a significant improvement in sleep quality, with mean PSQI scores decreasing from 9.80 ± 2.10 to 5.60 ± 1.90 (p<0.001). In contrast, the control group showed no significant change (pretest 9.53 ± 2.30; posttest 9.27 ± 2.25; p=0.395). These findings demonstrate that mindfulness effectively reduces sleep disturbances among pregnant women by addressing both psychological and physiological contributors to insomnia. In conclusion, integrating mindfulness practices into routine antenatal care is a practical, low-risk, and non-pharmacological approach to enhancing maternal sleep quality, reducing stress, and promoting overall well-being during pregnancy. This study provides evidence to support the inclusion of complementary mind-body interventions in primary health care services.
References
Beattie, L., Smith, V., & McCowan, L. (2015). Sleep disturbances in pregnancy: Prevalence, risk factors, and consequences. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, & Neonatal Nursing, 44(5), 645-656. https://doi.org/10.1111/1552-6909.12713
Brown, K. W., Ryan, R. M., & Creswell, J. D. (2016). Mindfulness: Theoretical foundations and evidence for health benefits. Psychological Inquiry, 26(4), 337-352. https://doi.org/10.1080/1047840X.2015.1037425
Carmody, J., & Baer, R. A. (2008). Relationships between mindfulness practice and levels of mindfulness, medical and psychological symptoms, and well-being in a mindfulness-based stress reduction program. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 31(1), 23-33. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-007-9130-7
Creswell, J. W. (2018). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (5th ed.). SAGE Publications.
Dewi, R. P. (2023). Mindfulness-based relaxation techniques to improve sleep quality in pregnant women. Universitas Airlangga Repository.
Dewi, R. P., & Wulandari, S. (2019). Mindfulness-based interventions in maternal health services: Practical strategies and outcomes. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia, 14(3), 210-219.
Duncan, L. G., Coatsworth, J. D., & Greenberg, M. T. (2019). Mindfulness-based approaches with pregnant women: Mechanisms and outcomes. Mindfulness, 10(3), 497-510. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-018-1030-8
Field, T. (2012). Prenatal depression effects on early development: A review. Infant Behavior and Development, 35(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infbeh.2011.09.005
Fitriani, L., & Dewi, R. P. (2020). The effect of guided meditation on reducing insomnia in pregnant women. Jurnal Kesehatan Reproduksi, 10(2), 45-52.
Garland, E. L., Gaylord, S. A., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2014). Positive reappraisal mediates the stress-reducing effects of mindfulness: An upward spiral process. Mindfulness, 5(3), 296-304. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-013-0194-6
Grossman, P., Niemann, L., Schmidt, S., & Walach, H. (2004). Mindfulness-based stress reduction and health benefits: A meta-analysis. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 57(1), 35-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3999(03)00573-7
Hidayati, R., & Retno Dewi, P. (2022). Effect of mindfulness intervention on sleep quality in third-trimester pregnant women. Jurnal Kebidanan Komplementer, 5(1), 33-41.
Khoury, B., Lecomte, T., Fortin, G., Masse, M., Therien, P., Bouchard, V., … Hofmann, S. G. (2013). Mindfulness-based therapy: A comprehensive meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 33(6), 763-771. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2013.05.005
Kusumawati, A., & Sari, N. P. (2021). Pengaruh latihan mindfulness terhadap kualitas tidur ibu hamil trimester kedua di Puskesmas X. Jurnal Kesehatan Ibu & Anak, 15(2), 120-127.
Mindell, J. A., Cook, R. A., & Nikolovski, J. (2015). Sleep patterns and sleep disturbances across pregnancy. Sleep Medicine, 16(4), 483-488. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2015.01.010
Okun, M. L., Coussons-Read, M. E., & Hall, M. (2018). Sleep disturbances and stress in pregnancy. Current Opinion in Psychology, 27, 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2018.05.002
Polit, D. F., & Beck, C. T. (2017). Nursing research: Generating and assessing evidence for nursing practice (10th ed.). Wolters Kluwer.
Putri, M. N., & Dewi, R. P. (2021). Relationship between stress and sleep quality in pregnant women: Intervention through mindfulness. Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, 12(4), 88-97.
Rusch, H. L., Rosario, M., Levison, L. M., Olivera, A., Livingston, W. S., Wu, T., & Gill, J. M. (2019). The effect of mindfulness meditation on sleep quality: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1445(1), 5-16. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.13996
Sari, T., & Dewi, R. P. (2022). Implementation of mindfulness practice in antenatal care to improve maternal well-being. Indonesian Journal of Midwifery, 8(3), 201-210.
Shapiro, S. L., Astin, J. A., Bishop, S. R., & Cordova, M. (2006). Mindfulness-based stress reduction for health care professionals: Results from a randomized trial. International Journal of Stress Management, 13(2), 168-188. https://doi.org/10.1037/1072-5245.13.2.168
Tang, Y.-Y., Holzel, B. K., & Posner, M. I. (2015). The neuroscience of mindfulness meditation. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 16(4), 213-225. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn3916
Zhong, Q., Zhang, H., Zhang, B., Wang, W., & Li, W. (2020). Parity and sleep quality in pregnant women: Evidence from a cross-sectional study. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 20, 459. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-020-03162-0
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
